Is a microscope always necessary?
Not always. For complex anatomy, retreatment, post removal and perforation control it is the gold standard.
How long does it take?
Typically 60–120 minutes; complex retreatments may require two visits.
Is it painful?
Performed under reliable anesthesia (STA/nerve block); discomfort is minimal.
Risks and limitations?
Root cracks, severe calcifications, or extreme curvatures may limit prognosis; we discuss these before treatment.
Will I need a crown afterwards?
Posterior teeth with large loss of structure benefit from cuspal coverage (onlay/crown) to prevent fractures.
Retreatment prognosis?
Depends on the initial status; microscope significantly improves visualization and outcomes.
Same‑day definitive filling?
Possible in primary cases with sufficient tooth structure; otherwise temporary build‑up with later cuspal coverage.
Is it safe during pregnancy?
When indicated — yes; gentle protocols, X‑rays only if necessary, discussed individually.
How much does it cost?
Varies by tooth group and complexity; the page below shows official price list items unchanged.